Knowledge Resources

 1-Pro Tip:  Get to the source.  While peer review journals disqualify references to Wikipedia, sometimes it is a good place to start the search for tracking down sourced, foundational references.

2- Curator’s Note:  Two “pinch analysis” articles by Bodo Linnhoff in Chemical Engineering Progress in perhaps the late 1980’s and early 1990s tooled me to use first principles to render or correct system energy integrations in one swoop.  The first article gave the principles and the methods.  The second article was recognition of the 80/20 rule.  My takeaway was, “If an absolutist approach is taken to efficiency, then in the real world there can be unintended consequences, like overly complex operations, impractical start-up sequences, and overinvestment in capital.” Ironically, once I understood the first principles, I never needed to do a rigorous pinch analysis per se.  For example, it is possible to “see” gross thermodynamic efficiency violations by identifying wide temperature approaches in individual heat exchangers.  And in cryogenic design most simulators have the approaches built into their complex heat exchanger models.  (If anyone can provide the references to those Bodo Linnhoff articles it would be appreciated.)